Why does the PTA stress the use of parliamentary procedure, providing information on its use and training for officers and members in it? To restate a part of the preface to Robert's Rules of Order, Newly Revised, 10^th Edition issued in 2000: Using the parliamentary process is the best way for a group to come to sound decisions supported by all the members of the body while protecting the rights of the majority, the minority, the individual member, and even those not able to attend a particular meeting. How does it do this?

First, it recognizes that most groups are not like the state legislature or congress. Rather, most groups are made up of people drawn to membership by the common interest and purpose expressed in the group's bylaws. We choose to become members to work together in achieving our shared purpose and goals. In PTA, to put it briefly, we advocate for children, their education and welfare. We work within a set of bylaws we adopt that spell out our purpose, terms and conditions of membership, election and duties of officers and members.

Second, the practice of parliamentary procedure has stood the test of years upon years, and use by incredibly diverse groups, dealing with every possible question. Yes, it has adjusted to fit different circumstances and needs -- including meetings held by teleconference. Procedures are more relaxed in committees and small groups, but when the going gets tough, we move into much more formal and careful use of its procedures.

Third, parliamentary procedure ensures that each individual has an equal chance to make a difference. We can make a motion, offer our views about a motion, offer amendments, and WE CAN VOTE. The parliamentary process is not one of taking a poll. A proposed motion must be made and members given the opportunity to speak for and against it, to modify it through amendment, to refer it to a committee for further research or development, to postpone action. The key is that parliamentary procedure allows the group to develop a "majority will," a considered judgment that results from the give and take of the discussion/debate with all the members having an opportunity to participate by hearing what takes place and deciding whether and how to vote.

Of course, at times there is unanimity and no debate. But when debate does take place, the result is often slightly to markedly different than what was initially proposed. Usually, it is a better decision for the group and the process, such that even those who voted "no" can support the decision given their chance to be heard and the fact that they often did impact the final decision.

Parliamentary procedure invites you to get involved in the process, protects your right to do so, and it enables the group to gain from your participation. While listening, making a decision, and voting are the ways most of us participate, that participation is the way to keep a group on track.

Kenneth Andersen, Consultant

Parliamentary Advisor

217-359-5392

Keanders AT @uiuc.edu